What is the process that occurs when endosteal implants fuse with the jawbone?

The process that occurs when endosteal implants fuse with the jawbone is known as osseointegration. This is a vital concept in dental implantology, as it refers to the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of the implant. For an endosteal implant to be successfully integrated, the bone must grow around and adhere to the implant, providing stability and support for the dental prosthetic.

Osseointegration is critical for the long-term success of dental implants because it ensures that the implant remains firmly anchored to the jawbone, allowing for normal chewing and functional use within the mouth. Factors that contribute to successful osseointegration include the type of implant material (typically titanium), surface texture, and the biological response of the patient's bone.

In contrast, the other options refer to different concepts related to implants and tissues but do not accurately describe the fusion of the endosteal implant with the bone. Subperiosteal integration refers to implants placed beneath the periosteum; transosteal bonding is not a standard term associated with implants; and gingival attachment pertains to the bonding of soft tissue rather than the integration of an implant with bone.